On 24 July they were a few days into their descent of the valley.

 

210个雅思阅读高频词（中）

71.remarkable adj.瞩目的，非凡的Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return.因此很明显的是乌龟曾经往返于水中和陆地上的生活。

－剑9T1P372.prolong v.延长Extreme high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quite certainly do not prolong life.

极端高效的运动可能会使心血管的表现最佳，但是它们当然不能延长寿命－剑8T3P373.stem from 源自He reckons part of the pleasure we get from art stems from the creative process behind the work.。

他认为我们从音乐作品中获得的部分愉悦是源自作品背后的创作过程－剑13T1P274.unprincipled adj.无规则的，不合人道的Similarly, if you employed the principles of marketing in an unprincipled way, you would not be doing marketing.。

同样的，如果你以一种无规则的方式运用“市场营销原理”，那么你做的就不是市场营销了－剑12T2P175.distinct adj.不同的，明显的This led to an important decision being taken: namely to carry out the lifting operation in three very distinct stages.。

这导致了一项重要的决定：也就是在三个完全不同的阶段进行起重操作剑11T4P3-76.rarely adv.罕见地If Dollos law is right, atavisms should occur only very rarely, if at all.。

如果Dollo的法则是正确的，返祖现象就算会出现，也极少发生－剑10T4P377.ashore adj.在岸上They dont even come ashore to breed.它们甚至不上岸繁殖－剑9T1P3

78.equable adj.平静的Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in general an equable and balanced personality.

放松会降低新陈代谢速度，就像充足的睡眠和总体上平静平和的性格－剑8T3P379.speculation n.推测It seems obvious, therefore, that with computers producing art, this speculation is cut short-theres nothing to explore.。

因此，很明显当用电脑创作艺术的时候这种遐想就被打断了，因为没有什么可以探索的。－剑13T1P2

吴雪峰油画《飞驰》80.divergent adj.分歧的，相异的Kant gives the example of a doctor and a poisoner, who use the identical knowledge to achieve their divergent ends.

Kant举了医生和投毒者的例子，他们用同样的知识来获取完全不同的结果－剑12T2P181.delicate adj.易碎的，微妙的The lifting cradle was designed to fit the hull using archaeological survey drawings, and was fitted with air bags to provide additional cushioning for the hulls delicate timber framework.。

采用考古勘测绘图来设计起重篮与船体匹配，并且匹配了气囊来为船体脆弱的木质框架提供额外缓冲－剑11T4P382.hind limb n.后肢Some look more like snakes than lizards and a few have completely lost the toes on their hind limbs.。

比起蜥蜴来，有一些看起来更像蛇，还有一些完全失去了后肢上的脚趾－剑10T4P383.incarnation n.化身，典型They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation.。

然而，它们确实仍然呼吸空气，但是却从来没有进化出来相当于它们早期海洋化身的鳍的一种器官－剑9T1P384.consistency n.一致性，连贯Each of us can develop his or her own energy saving programme with a little self-observation, critical self-control and, above all, logical consistency.。

通过些许的自我观察、严格的自我控制和最重要的逻辑一致，我们每个人都可以开发自己的“体力节约计划”－－剑8T3P385.trawl through查阅，翻看The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites.。

软件自己运行网页搜索，查阅社交媒体网站－剑13T1P286.creep into悄悄进入This example suggests how dishonest and illegal behavior, with the help of higher education, can creep into every aspect of public and business life.这个例子说明了欺诈和违法行为是如何借助高等教育悄然潜入公共和商业生活。

的方方面面的－剑12T2P187.skeleton n.骨架Finally, on 11 October 1982, millions of people around the world held their breath as the timber skeleton of the Mary Rose was lifted clear of the water, ready to be returned home to Portsmouth.。

最终于1982年10月11日，来自世界各地数以百万的人屏息见证了玛丽玫瑰号的木质骨架离开升离水面，等待回到故乡朴茨茅斯－剑11T4P388.embryo n.胚胎Early embryos of many species develop ancestral features.。

很多物种早期的胚胎都形成了祖先的特征剑10T4P389.primeval adj.原始的Their remote ancestors were marine fish and before that various more or less wormlike creatures stretching back, still in the sea, to the primeval bacteria.。

乌龟的远祖也是海洋中的鱼类，再往前追溯，它们是海洋中多多少少类似于蠕虫生物的原始细菌。－剑9T1P3

梁健国画《刀马旦》90.existent adj.现存的The reason for this is easy to recognize: in nature, the existent organisms either adapt or are regularly replaced by new types.

很容易看出其原因：本质上，现存的生物体要么适应要么经常被新品种取代剑8T3P391.enrapture v.使着迷Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score.。

人工智能作曲家创作的古典音乐让听众着迷，甚至让听众误以为这是人类的作品－剑13T1P292.instruction n.指导I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any subject.。

我会创立一家机构让任何人都可以在这儿找到任何学科的指导剑12T5P393.vessel n.船舶Among the English vessels was a warship by the name of Mary Rose.。

英国的舰队中有一艘战舰名叫玛丽玫瑰号剑11T2P1-94.controversial adj.有争议的The description of any animal as an evolutionary throwback is controversial.。

把任意一种动物描述为“进化返祖”是有争议的－剑10T4P395.parched adj.炎热的，干透的At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids.。

在进化史的不同时期，很多动物种群中有胆量的个体都开始向陆地迁移，有时候甚至去到了最干早的沙漠，而这些动物血液和细胞液中还携带着它们曾经生活的海域的海水剑9T1P396. unusable adj.不能用的。

This leads to the result that at some time or other the object stops working and is unusable (death in the biological sense).

自然磨损会导致一些产品时不时停止工作并且无法使用（生物意义上的死亡）－剑8T3P397.prestigious adj.久负盛名的，有声望的Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries.。

机器人画的艺术作品曾经卖出了数千美元，而且一直被挂在久负盛名的画廊中展览剑13T1P298.apt adj.恰当的It seems an apt characterization of the different university, also in the USA, where I currently teach philosophy.。

它似乎也恰当地描述了另一所不同的大学，这所大学也在美国，正是我现在教授哲学的学校－剑12T5P399.account n.解释Accounts of what happened to the ship vary.。

关于这艘船发生了什么的解释是多种多样的剑11T2P1100.reluctant adj.不愿意，不情愿For the better part of a century, most biologists have been reluctant to use those words, mindful of a principle of evolution that says evolution cannot run backwards.。

在一个世纪的大部分时间里，大多数生物学家不愿意使用这些词，他们铭记一条进化原则也就是“进化是不会反向进行的”。剑10T4P3

林燕燕油画：萌犬101.migration n.迁移And we mustnt forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land none of the other migrations could have happened.

而且我们不能忘记植物，没有它们率先入侵陆地，其他任何生物的迁移都不可能会发生剑9T1P3102.comparable adj.可比较的，相当的But are the wear and tear and loss of function of technical objects and the death of living organisms really similar or comparable?。

但是这些机械产品的磨损和功能损失与生物体的死亡是否真的相似或是可比的呢？－剑8T3P3103.sophisticated adj.复杂的Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly.

人类是唯一能够常规性地执行复杂艺术创作行为的物种－剑13T1P2104.law enforcement 执法A student can prepare for a career in resort management, engineering, interior design, accounting, music ,law enforcement, you name it.。

学生可以为自己以后的职业做好准备，包括景区管理、工程学、室内设计、会计、音乐、执法等等－剑12T5P3105.degradation n.退化，降解As a result, the starboard side filled rapidly, leaving the exposed port (left) side to be eroded by marine organisms and mechanical degradation.。

因此，右舷一侧被快速填满，留下左侧经受海洋微生物和机械降解的侵蚀－剑11T2P1106.connotation n.含义The word has ugly connotations thanks largely to Cesare Lombroso, a 19th-century Italian medic who argued that criminals were born not made and could be identified by certain physical features that were throwbacks to a primitive, sub-human state.。

这个词有一个不好的含义，这绝大部分要归功于Cesare Lombroso,一位19世纪的意大利医师，他主张罪犯是天生的而不是后天培养的，而人们可以通过某些身体特征确认罪犯，这些特征是原始的、类人类状态的重现。

－剑10T4P3107. reproduction n.繁殖Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction.

从水上移居到陆地上使得这些生物方方面面的生活都发生了巨大的改变，包括呼吸方式和繁殖方式－剑9T1P3108.static adj.静止的Our dead products are static, closed systems.。

我们所谓的“死掉的”产品都是静止的、封闭的系统剑8T3P3109.core n.核心＇This is a question at the very core of humanity, says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London.。

“这是一个关乎人性最核心的问题”来自伦敦大学金史密斯学院的一位叫做Geraint Wiggins的计算机创造力研究员表示－剑13T1P2110.prosecution n.起诉Naturally, the course is intended for prospective arson investigators, who can learn all the tricks of the trade for detecting whether a fire was deliberately set, discovering who did it, and establishing a chain of evidence for effective prosecution in a court of law.。

当然，课程是为未来的纵火调查人员准备的，他们可以学习所有方法来侦查火灾是否是蓄意而为，找出纵火犯并且建立一条证据链在法庭上进行有效检控。－剑12T5P3

叶赫那拉昱桐老师 乾隆御马111.intact adj.完整的Because of the way the ship sank, nearly all of the starboard half survived intact.

由于船沉没的方式，几乎所有的右舷一侧都得到完整的保留－剑11T2P1112.irreversible adj.不可逆的In 1890 he proposed that evolution was irreversible: that anorganism is unable to return, even partially, to a previous stage already realized in the ranks of its ancestors.。

1890年他提出进化是不可逆的：“一个有机体不能够回归到它的祖先已经实现的阶段，即使是部分回归”剑10T4P3113.terrestrial adj.地球的，陆地的Nevertheless, a good number of thoroughgoing land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again.。

然而，一大批动物完全变成陆地生物之后又回心转意，放弃了来之不易的陆地 特征，重新回到水里剑9T1P3114.thermodynamics n.热力学Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of thermodynamics.。

在这种情况下，根据物理化学和热力学规律，老化一定会出现－剑8T3P3115.be keen to 热衷于，渴望Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesnt attract the same criticism.。

“绘画愚人”的设计者Simon Colton热切地想要确保他的创作没有受到同样的批判－剑13T1P2116.occupation n.职业They are highly welcome as part of the increasing professionalization of this and many other occupations.。

随着消防科学和其他职业的不断职业化，这些课程广受欢迎剑12T5P3117.obstruction n.阻碍，障碍Then, on 16 June 1836, some fishermen in the Solent found that their equipment was caught on an underwater obstruction, which turned out to be the Mary Rose.。

然后1836年6月16日，索伦特海湾的一些渔民发现他们的设备被海底的障碍物卡住，而这个障碍物正是玛丽玫瑰号剑11T2P1118.probability n.可能性，概率Early 20th-century biologists came to a similar conclusion, though they qualified it in terms of probability, stating that there is no reason why evolution cannot run backwards-it is just very unlikely.。

20世纪初期，生物学家得出一个相似的结论，尽管他们已经认同返祖显现的可能性，并且表示没有理由解释进化为什么不能反向进行，但是他们表示可能性极低－剑10T4P3-119.cease v.停止，结束Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of of their remote ancestors.。

鲸鱼（括我们叫做海豚的小鲸鱼）和儒艮以及他们的近亲海牛都不再是陆地动物，而是恢复了与老祖先一样的海洋习性。－剑9T1P3

刘泳国画：漓江渔家乐120.inexorable adj.不可阻挡的，无法改变的Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not inexorable in the same way.

尽管同样的规律也适用于生物体，但是这一规律的结果并非同样无法改变剑8T3P3121.propulsion n.推进，推动力From the 1840s until 1869, when the Suez Canal opened and steam propulsion was replacing sail, clippers dominated world trade.。

从19世纪40年代到1869年，随着苏伊士运河的开通，蒸汽动力取代了帆船，快船成了世界贸易的主导剑13T4P1122.hinterland n.内陆地区When the US explorer and academic Hiram Bingham arrived in South America in 1911,he was ready for what was to be the greatest achievement of his life: the exploration of the remote hinterland to the west of Cusco, the old capital of the Inca empire in the Andes mountains of Peru.。

当美国探险家和学者Hiram Bingham1911年到达南美洲的时候，他已经准备好了迎接他一生最大的成就：探索库斯科西边的偏远内陆地区，而库斯科是位于秘鲁安第斯山脉的印加王国的旧都剑12T6P2123.navigability n. 耐航性，适航性。

Opened in 2002, it is central to the ambitious £84.5m Millennium Link project to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth& Clyde and Union Canals.

法尔柯克水轮启用于2002年，它是雄心勃勃、耗资8450万英镑的MillenniumLink项目的核心该项目通过重新连接Forth&Clyde和联合运河的历史航道来恢复苏格兰的航行能力剑11T1P2124.enigma n.谜团

Alan Macfarlane, professor of anthropological science at Kings College, Cambridge, has, like other historians, spent decades wrestling with the enigma of the Industrial Revolution.

来自剑桥国王学院的人类学教授Alan Macfarlane像其他历史学家一样花费了数十年的时间来全力攻克工业革命这一谜团－剑10T2P1125.neuron n.神经元We now know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific parts of the brain.。

现在我们知道人类所做的决定是源自大脑特定部分的神经元的放电模式剑9T2P3126.advent n.到来，出现According to archaeological evidence, at least 5,000 years ago, and long before the advent of the Roman Empire, the Babylonians began to measure time, introducing calendars to co-ordinate communal activities, to plan the shipment of goods and, inparticular, to regulate planting and harvesting.。

根据考古证据，至少在5000年以前在罗马帝国到来之前，巴比伦人已经开始计时，引入日历协调公共活动，计划货物运输，特别是管理播种和收割－剑8T1P1127.competitor n.竞争对手In the end, the firm was forced out of business, and the ship was finished by a competitor.。

最后这家公司被迫破产，船由一家竞争对手建造完成－剑13T4P1128.elevation n.海拔Cusco lies on a high plateau at an elevation of more than 3,000 metres.。

库斯科位于海拔超过3000米的高原上－剑12T6P2129.dismantle v.拆除This had been dismantled in 1933,thereby breaking the link.。

1993年这一施设被拆除了，从而切断了运河的连接。－剑11T1P2

冯少帅老师画在亚麻布上的国画130.affluent adj.富裕的For industry to take off, there needs to be the technology and power to drive factories, large urban populations to provide cheap labour, easy transport to move goods around, an affluent middle-class willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-driven economy and a political system that allows this to happen.

为了让工业腾飞，需要科技和能源来推动工厂的发展，需要大城市的人们提供廉价劳动力，需要便捷的交通转运货物，需要富裕的中产阶级愿意购买大规模生产的产品，需要市场驱动的经济和政治体系，所有的这一切为工业革命提供了发生的可能性。

－剑10T2P1131.iconoclastic adj.打破旧习的，破坏偶像的These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brains secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors. A brain that can do this is an iconoclastic one.

这些发现导致了神经经济学这一领域的出现，神经经济学研究大脑在经济环境下成功的秘诀，而这需要创新，需要和竞争对手有所不同能做到这样的大脑才是打破常规的存在－剑9T2P3132.successive adj.连续的，依次的。

They based their calendars on three natural cycles: the solar day, marked by the successive periods of light and darkness as the earth rotates on its axis.

他们的日历是基于三个自然周期的：太阳日，以地球自转时连续产生的日照和黑暗为标志－剑8T1P1133.prestige n.声望，声誉Williss company was active in the tea trade between China and Britain, where speed could bring shipowners both profits and prestige, so Cutty Sark was designed to make the journey more quickly than any other ship.。

Willis的公司活跃于中英两国间的茶叶贸易，其速度可以给船主带来利润和声誉，因此设计了Cutty Sark号使其航行速度比其他船只更快－剑13T4P1134.precede v.领先，在之前When Bingham and his team set off down the Urubamba in late July, they had an advantage over travellers who had preceded them.。

当Bingham和他的团队于7月底沿着乌鲁班巴河启程时，他们已经比那些领先他们的旅行者更有优势－剑12T6P2135.regeneration n.重生，重建When the project was launched in 1994, the British Waterways authority were keen to create a dramatic twenty-first-century landmark which would not only be a fitting commemoration of the Millennium, but also a lasting symbol of the economic regeneration of the region.。

当项目于1994年开启的时候，英国航道管理局渴望建立一座引人注目的21世纪里程碑，这不仅仅是对Millennium项目恰当的纪念，也是该地区经济复兴的持久象征－剑11T1P2136.criteria n.标准。

While this was the case for England ,other nations, such as Japan, the Netherlands and France also met some of these criteria but were not industrializing.

然而这些只是英国的情况，其他的国家比如日本、荷兰和法国也符合其中一些标准，但是它们并没有在工业化－剑10T2P1137.utilize v.利用，使用Each of these three functions 。

utilizes a different circuit in the brain.这三个功能每一个都在大脑中使用不同的回路一剑9T2P3138.conspicuous adj.显著的，显而易见的And, for those living near the equator in1 particular, its waxing and waning was more conspicuous than the passing of the seasons.。

而且，尤其是对于那些住在赤道附近的人们来说，它的阴晴圆缺比四季流逝更明显。－剑8T1P1-

霖青作品 俗世多纷扰，居山别有天139.misfortune n.不幸，灾难However, Cutty Sark never lived up to the high expectations of her owner, as a result of bad winds and various

misfortunes.然而，由于恶劣的天气和各种不幸，Cutty Sark号从来没有达到她的主人的高期望剑13T4P1140.descent n.下降On 24 July they were a few days into their。

descent of the valley.7月24日，他们已经沿着山谷往下走了几天了。－剑12T6P2

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