历史的英文单词(历史的英文单词是什么)原创

2023-09-21Aix XinLe

作为汉语老师，面试时都逃不掉用英语回答问题。整理了一个面试英语专辑，希望对大家有帮助。由于专辑文章太多，没时间编辑排版，只好分两次发。这次是1～5，剩下的文章下次发。如有错误请大家海涵并告知我，以便将来出一次“勘误”。

点击标题下「对外汉语北京」可快速关注“面试英语专辑①”作为汉语老师，很多面试场合都少不了用英语讲解文化整理了一个面试英语专辑，希望对大家有帮助本专辑内容来自整合自百度，来不及详细检查，如有错误请大家海涵。

最全的中国文化相关英文词汇传统节日词汇拜年 pay a new year call爆竹 firecracker鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers 大扫除 year-end household

灯谜 lantern riddles 庙会 temple fair 年画 new year’ s picture 挂年画 to hang out new year’s picture 年夜饭 family reunion dinner on lunar new year

守岁 to stay awake all night 年糕 glutinous cake for new year 大年初一 the first day of the first lunar month

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding对联 poetic couplets 贴春联 to put up antithetical couplets 糊窗花 to put up window paper-cuts

压岁钱 money given to children as a lunar new year gift民俗词汇轿子sedans 风车 pinwheel 杂技 acrobatics 魔术 magic

拨浪鼓 shaking drum 竹苗 bamboo flute 皮影 shadow puppet 糖人 sugar-molded 四合院 courtyard homes 踩高跷 stilt walk

武术 martial arts 人力车 rickshaw 宫灯 palace lantern 猜拳 finger-guessing game 说书 monologue story-telling 老字号 time-honored

相声 cross talk中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨 wonton 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi) 春卷Spring Roll(s)

莲藕Lotus Root花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu

魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 米粉 rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅 Hot Pot

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝 glass noodles 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck

小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)宣纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow

孔子Confucius 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts) 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)

中和 harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity

八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

特有的一些汉语词汇武术 martial arts 气功 Qigong 打擂台 to fight a challenge fight in an arena 听评书 to listen to historical or traditional stories

下象棋 to play Chinese chess 练习书法 to make special studies of calligraphy 画国画 to do traditional Chinese painting

题诗 to inscribe a poem 求对 to match an antithetical couplet禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana; dhgaya 混沌 chaos

道 Daosim, the way and its power 四谛 Four Noble Truth 八正道 Eightfold Path 无常 anity 五行说 Theory of Five Elements

无我 anatman 坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata 虚无 nothingness 双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)

小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk 噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people; night-owls 本命年 this animal year of sb.

处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage) 还愿 redeem a wish (vows)中国古代文学红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber

水浒 Water Margin西游记 Journey to the West三国演义 Romance of the Three Kingdoms聊斋志异 Strange Tales from a Scholar’s Studio

牛郎和织女The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl《西厢记》The Western Chamber《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men

《警世通言》Stories to Warn Men《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World《本草纲目》Outline of Herb Medicine《史记》 Records of the Historian

《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror中华民族的节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival 除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Children’s Day 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Women’s Day 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 教师节 Teachers’ Day 五四青年节 Youth Day

中国的艺术1. 画类壁画 mural国画 Chinese traditional painting 水墨画 ink and wash painting 绢画 silk painting 木刻画 wood engraving

版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving painting 年画 new year picture2.陶器类陶器 pottery ware 玉器 jade article 瓷器 china ware

青瓷 celadon 青铜器 bronze ware 景泰蓝 cloisonné enamel 漆器 lacquer ware 彩陶 painted pottery 唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty

3.雕刻类冰雕 ice carving 玉雕 jade carving 石雕 stone carving 骨雕 bones carving 贝雕 shell carving 木雕 wood carving

根雕 tree root carving 瓷器雕 porcelain carving 象牙雕 ivory carving4.塑像类彩塑painted sculpture 画塑 dough figurine

泥人儿 clay figure5.扇类绢扇 silk fan 檀香扇 sandal wood fan 折扇 folding fan6.宝石类珍珠 pearl 玛瑙 agate 珊瑚 coral 翡翠 green jade

琥珀 amber 玉 jade7.工艺类刺绣 embroidery 双面秀 two-sided embroidery 挂毯 tapestry 蜡染 batik 藤条制品 wickerwork 真丝 pure silk

烟嘴 cigarette holder 鼻烟壶 snuff bottle 图章 seal盆景 potted landscape 屏风 screen历史人文考古 history-related 春秋时期The Spring and Autumn Period

吐蕃王国Tubo Kingdom王朝dynasty旧石器时代Paleolithic times 清朝帝王Qing emperors文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng春秋时代The Spring and Autumn Period

大思想家和教育家A great thinker and educator慈禧太后Empress Dowager CiXi祭祀offer sacrifices君主monarch皇妃Imperial concubine

丞相Prime minister太监Court eunuch古装Ancient costume朝代dynasty 历代various dynasty 少数民族ethnic minority蒙古族Mongolian

藏族Tibetan 维吾尔族Uygur 纳西族Naxi minority阿坝藏族自治州Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture古代器具Ancient utensils考古学家archaeologist

发掘unearth吉尼斯世界纪录The Guinness Book of World Records公元 AD 公元前 BC诞生地Birthplace历史文物historical relics历史遗迹Historical site

青铜器Bronze ware文人men of letters 雅士refined scholars 文物cultural relics 西域western countries中国古代四大发明火药 gunpowder

指南针 compass 造纸术 paper-making techniques 印刷术 paper-printing technique具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China

红宝书 little red book 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

大锅饭 communal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers 关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild

旅游热点/景点英语词汇大全秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and horses/Terra-cotta Army

青铜战车战马bronze chariots and horses 与实物一样大小life-size 临潼区Lintong District 大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road

敦煌 Dunhuang敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes / Caves, Dunhuang千佛洞Thousand-Buddha Cave壁画murals / fresco佛经Buddhist Sutra塔里木盆地Tarim Basin 土鲁番 Turpan华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs河西走廊 Hexi Corridor昆山市 city of Kunshan帕米尔山区Pamir Mountainous Region三峡 Three Gorges月牙泉 Crescent Spring桂林 Guilin阳朔 Yangshuo板石街（又名 “西洋街”）Slabstone Street, also known as “the Western Street”象鼻山 Elephant Trunk Hill独秀峰the peak of unique beauty七星岩the seven star crag叠彩山 Piled Silk Hill骆驼山 Camel Hill漓江游 cruise on the Li River三山晓色 three Hill at Dawn青峰倒影 Green Peaks Reflected on Water月牙山 Crescent Hill千佛岩Cliff of Thousand Buddhas滇池 Lake Dianchi黑龙潭 Black Dragon Pool珠江夜游 Pearl River Night Cruise岷江Minjiang river野生动物园 Safari Park中国民俗文化村 China Folk Culture Villages佛教四大名山Four famous Buddhist Mountains五台山 Wutai Mountain普陀山 Mount Putuo九华山 Jiuhua Mountain峨嵋山 Mount Emei五岳 China’s five great / sacred mountains武当山 Wudang Mountain嵩山 Songshan Mountain少林寺 Shaolin Temple泰山 Mount Tai岱庙 Dai Temple日光顶Riguan Peak - the Sun Watching Peak玉皇顶 Peak of the Heavenly Emperor黄山 Mount Huangshan; Yellow Mountain迎客松 Guest-Greeting Pine半山寺Mid-Hill Temple云谷寺 Cloudy Valley Temple光明顶Bright Summit天都峰 Heavenly Capital Peak莲花峰 Lotus Peak奇松strangely-shaped pines 怪石grotesque rock formations 云海seas of clouds 温泉hot springs 紫金山天文台 Purple Mountain Observatory南天门The Heavenly Southern Gate午门meridian gate天坛 the Temple of Heaven紫禁城the Forbidden City 故宫the Imperial Place故宫博物院 the Palace Museum护城河Moat回音壁echo wall居庸关Juyongguan pass长寿山the longevity hill九龙壁the nine dragon wall黄龙洞the yellow dragon cave大清真寺great mosque黄帝陵Huang Di Mausoleum十三陵Ming Tombs中山陵Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum成吉思汗陵 Mausoleum of Genghis Khan鲁迅故居Luxun’s former residence（重庆）渣滓洞 Cinder Cave（重庆）红岩村 Red Crag Village(延安) 宝塔山 Pagoda Hill东方威尼斯Oriental Venice苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 狮子林 Lion Grove Garden怡园 Joyous Garden留园lingering Garden网师园 Garden of the Master of Nets耦园（谐音偶，佳偶之意） Garden of Couple’s Retreat西湖 West Lake苏堤 Su Causeway白堤 Bai Causeway断桥 Broken Bridge外西湖 Outer West Lake九寨沟jiuzhaigou布达拉宫Potala Palace日月潭 Lake Sun Moon名胜古迹places of scenic beauty and historical interests / scenic spots and historical sites 堡fort, fortress城堡castle长廊The Long Corridor殿hall拱顶vault鼓楼 drum-tower荷塘lotus pond湖石假山Lakeside rocks and rockeries祭坛 altar角楼watchtower九曲桥Bridge of Nine Turnings廊 corridor陵墓 emperor’s mausoleum/tomb楼 towermansion牌楼pailou, decorated archway桥bridges水榭 pavilion on the water塔 pagoda; tower台 terrace坛altar梯staircase亭阁 pavilion亭台楼阁pavilions, terraces, and towers; a general reference to the elaborate Chinese architecture溪streams行宫A temporary imperial palace钟楼bell-tower柱pillar, column, post碑刻, 碑文, 碑铭inscriptions on a tablet碑林the forest of steles, tablet forest碑座 pedestal of the tablet壁画 murals; fresco避暑山庄 mountain resort避暑胜地 summer resort 冬季旅游胜地Winter resort度假胜地 holiday resort佛教胜地 Buddhist resort滑雪胜地Ski resort 冰山iceberg火山 volcano青山green hill场所site, venue, locale, seat 出土unearth 道观Taoist temple道教名山Taoist mountain堤防embankment地下军团buried legion雕塑Sculptures 雕像 statue顶点Summit定情之物token of love洞穴/岩洞 cave; cavern仿古制品 antique replica复制品Replica高超工艺 superior workmanship孤柏Lone cypress古董antique, antiquity, curio古迹place of historical interest古建筑群 ancient architectural / building complex古墓 ancient tomb古松Age-old pine trees古玩店 antique/curio shop国家公园 national park海平面Sea level号称五岳之首 rank first of the five great mountains in china后裔Descendant回廊corridor甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells 假山rockeries 建筑风格Architectural style 江南水乡 south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River景象Spectacle领略自然景观的魅力 appreciate the charms of natural landscape蜜月度假胜地 honeymoon resort名山 famous mountain / mountain resort名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 摩崖石刻Carved out of a cliff瀑布 waterfall, fall小瀑布 cascade飞瀑plunging waterfall曲阜Qufu 曲径winding path人文景观places of historic figures and cultural heritage 人造物品Artifact日出Sunrise日落Sunset溶洞water-eroded cave溶岩景色，喀斯特地貌Karst scenery 石舫 stone boat石灰池Calcified pond石灰岩洞limestone cave石窟 grotto石牌Stone steles石桥Stone bridge石笋stalagmite石像Portrait stone世界第八大奇迹eighth wonder of the world 世界七大奇迹seven wonders of the world 世界文化遗产保护地World Heritage Sites (WHS)世界之窗 Window of the World书法真迹 calligraphic relics水乡景色 riverside scenery私家园林Private garden四大奇观Four wonders 缩影Miniature天下第一洞The most spectacular cave unparalleled elsewhere in the world天下第一泉The finest spring under heaven武当功夫 Wudang martial arts险峰perilous peaks 香格里拉Shangri-la (earthly paradise or utopia -- generally secluded and peaceful)镶嵌inlay修复Renovate雪峰snow-topped peaks雪山Snow-capped mountain釉面砖Glazed tile御花园 imperial garden园林建筑Garden architecture原始森林virgin forest藻类algae植物园botanical garden 主题公园 theme park自然景观natural attraction; natural landscape / scenery 综合建筑building complex坐佛Sitting Buddha

一些高频词精选1. 元宵节 Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣embroidery 3. 重阳节Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸Paper Cutting 6. 书法Calligraphy 7. 对联(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国Warring States 12. 风水Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗Iron Bowl 14. 函授部The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞Group Dance 16. 黄土高原Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校Affiliated school 22. 古装片Costume Drama 23. 武打片Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅Hot Pot 27. 四人帮Gang of Four 28. 《诗经》The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 《史记》Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进Great Leap Forward (Movement) 32. 《西游记》The Journey to the West 33. 除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁radical 38. 孟子Mencius 39. 亭/阁 Pavilion/ Attic 40. 大中型国有企业Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises 41. 火药gunpowder 42. 农历Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺Seal/Stamp 44. 物质精神文明建设The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization 45. 京剧Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46. 秦腔Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 47. 太极拳Tai Chi 48. 独生子女证The Certificate of One-child 49. 天坛Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50. 小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51. 红双喜Double Happiness 52. 政治辅导员Political Counselor/School Counselor 53. 春卷Spring Roll(s) 54. 莲藕Lotus Root 55. 追星族Star Struck 56. 故宫博物院The Palace Museum 57. 相声Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue 58. 下岗Lay off/Laid off 59. 北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 60. 高等自学考试Self-taught Examination of Higher Education 61. 烟花爆竹fireworks and firecracker 62. 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Caves 63. 电视小品TV Sketch/TV Skit 64. 香港澳门同胞Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao 65. 文化大革命Cultural Revolution 66. 长江中下游地区The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River 67. 门当户对Perfect Match/Exact Match 68. 《水浒》Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh 69. 中外合资企业Joint Ventures 70. 文房四宝笔墨纸砚"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone" 71.兵马俑cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army 72.旗袍cheongsam。

73.光棍节 Singles day 74. 相亲谎言 Blind date lie 75. 北京精神 Beijing spirit 76. 鱼疗 Fish pedicure 77. 白名单 White list 78. 后窗文化 Rear window culture 79. 垃圾时尚 Trashion 80. 放养老公 Free-range husband。

姜老师考面试课直播课程（插班同学随时可观看直播课程回放）