Scientists Create Miniature Sun In WisconsinThe sun is easy to spot in the sky, and it’s not very far away in astronomical terms. So, scientists have spe

Scientists Create Miniature Sun In WisconsinThe sun is easy to spot in the sky, and it’s not very far away in astronomical terms. So, scientists have spent a great deal of time studying our local life-giving star. However, the sun is also a nuclear inferno that will eradicate any people and most robots that get too close. To study the star up close, researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison built a miniature sun. They call it the Big Red Ball (BRB).

我们在天空很容易就能看到太阳，从天文学层面来说它距离我们并不远科学家花费了很多时间来研究这个带来生命的星球但太阳也是一个充满了核聚变反应的炙热地狱，可以将任何靠近它的人或机器人彻底摧毁为了近距离研究太阳，威斯康星大学的研究人员建造了一个微型太阳，并给它起了个“大红球”（BRB）的名字。

Like most main sequence stars, the sun is a giant ball of hydrogen massive enough to sustain a nuclear fusion reaction. The hydrogen fuses into helium, and helium eventually fuses into heavier elements as stars exhaust their fuel. The sun still has plenty of life left, so it’s mostly hydrogen with about one-quarter helium.

就像绝大多数主序星那样，太阳是一个由氢组成的巨大球体，它的质量非常大，从而能够维持核聚变反应在核聚变反应中，氢会变成氦，而氦最终会变为质量更大的元素，而恒星则在这一过程中消耗它的燃料太阳的寿命现在依然漫长，它大部分是氢，约四分之一是氦。

The BRB uses helium to create analogous conditions to those on the sun, but without all that pesky nuclear fusion. As experiments have shown, it’s extremely difficult to maintain nuclear fusion on Earth. The BRB is a hollow sphere almost ten feet (three meters) in diameter. The team filled that space with helium gas (which again is a major component of the sun) and ionized it with microwave heating to form a sun-like plasma. Powerful magnets confine the plasma, and an electrical current causes the miniature sun to spin a bit like the real one.

这个设备使用氦来创造出模拟太阳环境，但没有那些令人头疼的核聚变反应就像实验显示的那样，在地球上维持核聚变反应是异常困难的这个BRB设备是个直径约10英尺（3米）的中空球体，实验人员用微波加热对其进行电离以形成类似太阳环境的等离子体。

功率强大的磁体对该等离子体进行约束，同时实验人员用电流使这个微型太阳旋转，就像真的太阳一样The team has used the BRB to simulate a solar structure called a Parker spiral, which forms as a consequence of magnetic field line shifts on the sun. That suggests the BRB model is a good one. The researchers also noted fast-moving plasma within magnetically weak areas of the mini-sun. These are similar to the small eruptions on the sun that fuel the solar wind, making this the first instance of simulated solar wind in the lab.

该研究团队使用BRB设备来模拟了一个名为“Parker螺旋”的太阳结构，该结构是太阳磁场线位移所导致形成的这表明了该BRB模型的优异性研究人员同时也注意到了这个微型太阳磁性薄弱区域中等离子体的快速运动这和太阳上为太阳风提供能量的小规模爆发非常类似，而这是实验室模拟太阳风的首个实例。

Earth-based experiments like the BRB can help scientists better understand the data collected by solar missions like the Parker probe. By recreating sun-like conditions in the lab like this, we can begin to understand some of the sun’s mysteries. For example, no one knows what causes the solar wind to accelerate away from the sun.

类似BRB这种的地球上进行的实验有助于科学家更好地了解帕克太阳探测器这种宇航任务搜集的数据通过在实验室创造类日环境，我们可以对太阳的一些未解之谜进行探索例如，目前尚不清楚为什么太阳风会加速离开太阳

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