4月13日，2020年度全国十大考古新发现在北京揭晓。\x0a全国十大考古新发现评选是中国国家文物局委托中国文物报社和中国考古学会每个年度举行的在全中国范围内评选当年重大考古发现的一项活动，始于1990年，被誉为中国考古界的“奥斯卡奖”。

 

4月13日，2020年度全国十大考古新发现在北京揭晓Chinas Top 10 New Archaeological Discoveries of 2020 were unveiled on April 13 in Beijing.。

全国十大考古新发现评选是中国国家文物局委托中国文物报社和中国考古学会每个年度举行的在全中国范围内评选当年重大考古发现的一项活动，始于1990年，被誉为中国考古界的“奥斯卡奖”Dubbed the "Oscars of Chinese archaeology", the annual awards have been bestowed since 1990, and are one of the most anticipated events promoting new archaeological findings among the public.。

2020年度全国十大考古新发现终评会于2021年4月11日至4月13日在北京举行入围终评的20个项目经过3天的演示汇报后，由21位专业评委在13日上午评议和投票，选出了2020年度全国十大考古新发现，它们分别是（按时代早晚排序）：。

The 10 award winners stood out from 20 candidates after the final round of appraisals which lasted from April 11 to 13. The 21-person judging panel featuring the countrys top-tier archaeological scholars was organized by China Cultural Relics News. Here are the top 10 archaeological discoveries in chronological order.

1

贵州贵安新区招果洞遗址Zhaoguo Cave Site, Guian New Area, Guizhou province

招果洞遗址在距今早于1.2万年的地层中，已相继出土了丰富的历史遗物，包括51处旧石器时代晚期的用火遗迹、2座墓葬，大量石制品、磨制骨角器，以及和人类活动有关的动植物遗存The Zhaoguo Cave Site in the Guian New Area, southwest Chinas Guizhou Province, spans the Paleolithic to Neolithic periods, between 12,000 and 45,000 years ago. The ruins feature a large number of cultural artifacts, including 51 fire relics, 2 tombs, stone carvings, polished bones and remains of animals and plants.。

贵州贵安新区招果洞遗址出土文物 Relics from Zhaoguo Cave Site, Guian New Area, Guizhou province该遗址是目前中国发现的用火遗存最为丰富的旧石器时代晚期遗存之一，这些遗存与散落在周边的遗物一起，为揭示旧石器时代晚期穴居人群的行为和生存策略，提供了重要材料。

The findings provide key clues to studying the living conditions of hunter-gatherers of Southwest China in the Pleistocene Epoch, and offer one of the most abundant discoveries in China that indicate the early-stage usage of fire.

2

浙江宁波余姚井头山遗址Jingtoushan Shell Mound Site, Yuyao, Zhejiang province

井头山遗址位于浙江省余姚市三七市镇，临近河姆渡、田螺山遗址出土遗物分为人工器物和自然遗存两大类：人工器物有陶器、石器、骨器、贝器、木器、编织物等400多件；自然遗存中以动植物遗存为主，还有大量胶结着牡蛎壳的小块礁石。

Located in Yuyao, a coastal city in Zhejiang province, the Jingtoushan Shell Mound Site is near Hemudu Site, an important village site in the New Stone Age in China. Brought to light are a large number of exquisite artifacts, such as pottery, stone tools, wood, bone and shellfish and the remains of early rice cultivation, as well as abundant aquatic, terrestrial plants and animal remains.

浙江宁波余姚井头山遗址出土文物 Relics from Jingtoushan Shell Mound Site, Yuyao, Zhejiang province井头山遗址是中国沿海埋藏最深、年代最早

的海岸贝丘遗址，为今后探索发现中国沿海8000年前乃至更早的遗址指明了方向，是中国新石器时代考古与全新世海洋环境变迁研究的一次重大突破As one of the largest and oldest prehistoric shell mounds in China ever excavated, the site offers crucial clues to study environmental change in coastal areas.。

3

河南巩义双槐树遗址Shuanghuaishu Heritage Site, Gongyi, Henan province

双槐树遗址位于河南省巩义市伊洛河与黄河交汇处南岸双槐树村南台地上经考古发掘，发现有仰韶文化中晚期阶段3重大型环壕、大型建筑基址、中心居址、具有最早瓮城结构的围墙、版筑的大型夯土地基、4处共1700余座经过严格规划的大型公共墓地、夯土祭坛、房址、灰坑、人祭坑及兽骨坑等遗迹。

Located in Shuanghuaishu Village, Gongyi, Henan, the ancient ruins represent the largest tribal clusters of the middle and late stages of China’s Yangshao Culture which existed along the Yellow River during the Neolithic period.

The large settlement boasted layers of ring trenches and city walls. Researchers also uncovered more than 1,700 tombs that were neatly organized into 4 blocks, a rudimentary sanitation system and storehouses—all sign that the 5,300-year-old city was carefully designed.

河南巩义双槐树遗址出土的家蚕牙雕 A jade silkworm from Shuanghuaishu Heritage Site, Gongyi, Henan province双槐树遗址还出土了一大批仰韶文化时期丰富的文化遗物，其中包括了我国

最早的骨质蚕雕艺术品，与青台遗址、汪沟村等周边同时期遗址出土的迄今最早丝绸实物一起，实证距今5300年前后黄河中游地区的先民们已经从事养蚕缫丝A highlight among the unearthed artifacts is a jade sculpture of a silkworm which is a significant discovery following unearthed ancient silk products at Wanggou village, Xingyang city. The discovery proves that silk production was invented 5,300 years ago alongside the middle reach of the Yellow River.。

4

河南淮阳时庄遗址Shizhuang Heritage Site, Zhoukou, Henan province

时庄遗址位于河南周口市淮阳区四通镇时庄村，总面积约10万平方米，包括龙山文化末期、岳石文化和春秋战国等多个时期的遗存考古勘探和考古发掘表明，遗址的南部是一处夏代早期的粮仓城，目前已发现29座仓储建筑

时庄遗址地上粮仓局部图 Shizhuang Heritage Site, Zhoukou, Henan province时庄遗址是目前我国最早的功能单一的粮食仓储遗址，填补了中国文明探源研究和夏文化研究的实物资料空白，为研究我国古代早期国家的

粮食储备、统一管理和可能存在的贡赋制度等提供了绝佳的实物资料Remains of 28 granaries dating back about 4,000 years ago have been unearthed from the 100,000-square-meter Shizhuang Heritage Site in Henan provinces Zhoukou city. They are believed to be among the countrys earliest centralized grain storage facilities, and provide key research materials for the study of early Chinas grain management system, tax system, social structure and national governance system.。

5

河南伊川徐阳墓地Xuyang Graveyard Site, Yichuan County, Luoyang, Henan province

该墓地位于河南省洛阳市伊川县鸣皋镇徐阳村一带，已发现墓葬500余座此外，在墓地西部还发现城址1座，隶属宜阳县白杨镇南留村，据南北朝时期北魏郦道元《水经注》等文献记载，为两汉时期陆浑县县治所在截至目前，共清理墓葬。

150座，其中大中型墓葬12座在大型墓葬中，出土了编钟、编磬、青铜及玉石质礼器，小型墓葬中普遍存在单耳陶罐随葬品等The site of the grave is located in a burial complex in Xuyang Village, Yichuan County, called Xuyang Cemetery. About 150 graves have been discovered since 2013. Among them, 12 are medium or large-scale and include funerary objects and sacrificial pits.。

河南伊川徐阳墓地出土青铜编钟 Bronze bell set from Xuyang Graveyard Site, Yichuan County, Luoyang, Henan province2020年，考古工作人员在徐阳墓地新发现一座春秋时期西北戎人的

王级大墓，随葬器物主要有饕餮夔纹铜编钟、编磬、玉璜、玉扳指等，且墓葬周围分布有陪葬车马坑In 2020, a grave that could be 2,600 years old was also discovered in the site. The grave belonged to the Luhunrong, a nomadic people living in northwestern China during the Spring and Autumn Period, who migrated to Yichuan County in Luoyang in 638 BC, according to historical records.。

河南伊川徐阳墓地陪葬车马坑 Sacrificial pits at the Xuyang Graveyard Site, Yichuan County, Luoyang, Henan province这一发现进一步印证了

2600多年前陆浑戎（公元前638年被秦国强制迁徙到洛阳附近的西北游牧部落）迁徙、融合的历史，对探索中华文明形成过程中的民族融合与发展具有十分重要的价值The graveyard shows mixture of rituals of Central China and other ethnic groups in the west of China today, reflecting how different cultures exchanged with each other at time of an inclusive atmosphere of Chinese civilization.。

6

西藏札达桑达隆果墓地Sangsdar Lungmgo Graveyard Site, Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region

西藏札达桑达隆果墓地出土器物丰富，有陶器、铜器、木器、扣器（用金玉等镶嵌的器物）、石器、铁器、草编器、纺织物、金面饰、金挂饰、料珠、动物骨骼、人骨、木棺等同时，出土的木盘、木案、草编器里均装盛有青稞、动物骨等，反映了西藏地区。

随葬食物的习俗Sangsdar Lungmgo Graveyard Site has yielded a wealth of artifacts, including gold ornaments, beads, textiles, pottery and wares made of copper, wood, stone and iron. The wooden plates, cases and straw basketwork are found containing remains of highland barley and animal bones, which reflect the local custom of burial with food in Tibet.。

西藏札达桑达隆果墓地出土木俑 A wooden figurine from Sangsdar Lungmgo Graveyard Site, Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region

桑达隆果墓地是目前所见探索西藏西部早期丧葬习俗最系统的墓葬材料，反映出当时、当地先民们有随葬器物、食物的习俗此外，多样的墓葬形制和大量的出土器物，为探讨当时社会结构、生业模式，以及其与喜马拉雅山脉南麓、新疆、中原、西藏其他区域的交流提供了重要资料。

As a key finding of the early-stage history of Tibet, the Site offers materials to explore the early funeral customs in western Tibet and shows frequent communication among the region with the area to the south of Himalayas as well as todays Central China and Xinjiang.

7

江苏徐州土山二号墓No.2 Pit of Tushan Tomb, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province

土山汉墓位于江苏省徐州市区云龙山北麓，共发现三座墓葬，《水经注》等记载为“亚父冢”，俗称范增墓一号墓规模较小，三号墓可能为废弃墓葬，二号墓位于主封土下，1977年发现至今，共出土各类遗物4800余件The Tushan Han Tomb, located in Xuzhou, east Chinas Jiangsu Province, is home to 3 huge tombs, including one excavated from the No.2 Pit that features a large and complex structure.

江苏徐州土山二号墓出土文物 Relics from No.2 pit of Tushan Tomb, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province其中包括发现于封土内的封泥4500余件，主要是西汉楚国

官印封泥，这是继齐国封泥后又一次重大发现，其中“内史省印”“盖溉”等为首次发现官印封泥信息量巨大，对于研究职官制度、疆域变迁等具有非常重要的学术意义More than 4,500 pieces of clay seals, mostly official seals of Chu State in the Western Han Dynasty, were unearthed from the tomb, showcasing a relatively complete official system of Chu State in the Han Dynasty which is of great academic significance.。

墓室内还出土文物350余件，主要有陶器、玉石器、铜铁器等金属质陪葬品中，镂空盘龙铜铺首、战国蟠螭纹铜钫及铁镜等都极具特色Another over 350 pieces (sets) of cultural relics such as porcelain, bronze and iron objects, jade clothing and jade seats that indicate the identity of the tomb’s owner also have been found.。

8

陕西西安少陵原十六国大墓Shaolingyuan Tombs Site, Xian, Shaanxi province

陕西西安少陵原十六国大墓位于西安市南郊少陵原之上考古发现的三座墓葬，规模巨大、形制特殊、结构完整，是十六国时期高等级墓葬Shaolingyuan Tombs Site is lying on the Shaoling Plain in the southern suburb of Xi an City. The three large-scale and well-preserved tombs at the site are believed to be the tombs of high-level officials during the Sixteen Kingdoms Period (304-409).。

陕西西安少陵原十六国大墓出土彩绘陶俑 Painted pottery figurines from Shaolingyuan Tombs Site, Xian, Shaanxi province目前已出土了

彩绘土雕建筑、精美壁画以及彩绘陶俑等珍贵文物，为进一步探索西安地区北朝十六国时期高等级墓葬分布、形制结构等问题具有重要意义，对于研究这一历史时期政治、经济、军事、文化交流等方面，也是极为珍贵的第一手资料。

A total of 278 funerary objects, such as pottery figurines, as well as sand buildings and murals were found at the site, which are of great value to the study of the structure and system of large-scale high-level tombs in ancient China.

9

青海都兰热水墓群2018血渭一号墓Reshui Graveyard Site, Dulan County, Haixi Mongolian-Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province

热水墓群位于青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州都兰县热水乡境内，1982年考古发现并得名热水墓群是6—8世纪的重要墓葬群，墓群中的“血渭一号”大墓是小说《鬼吹灯》中“九层妖塔”的原型，是中国十大古墓之一，有着“东方金字塔”之称。

Reshui Graveyard, an archaeological site of around 300 tombs dating back to between the 6th and 8th centuries, was found in 1982 in Dulan County, Qinghai province. Xuewei No. 1, a major tomb found at the Site, is believed to be the prototype of the "Nine-Story Demon Tower" in the novel 

Ghost Blows Out the Light(《鬼吹灯》), which is a well-known series about graveyard expedition.

青海都兰热水墓群2018“血渭一号”出土的金银器 Gold and jade items from Reshui Graveyard Site, Dulan County, Haixi Mongolian-Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province

截至目前，这座大墓共发现文物一千余件，其中金银器占有很大比重这些文物蕴含了大量信息，具有很高的文物价值，有力地证明了从北朝至隋唐时期，青海道是丝绸之路上的一条重要的干线，都兰则是东、西方贸易的中转站Up to now, more than 1,000 cultural relics have been discovered in the tomb, many of which are gold and silver wares. They help further unveil the cultural communication between Tang and other regions inhabited by non-Han ethnic groups and offer clues on studies on the Silk Road.

10

吉林图们磨盘村山城遗址Mopancun City Ruins, Tumen, Jilin province

磨盘村山城，原名城子山山城，坐落于吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州图们市，累计发掘面积6405平方米，共清理城门3座，角楼1座，解剖墙体6段，发掘院落、大型建筑基址、小型房址、排水沟渠、灰坑等遗迹近80个，出土各类遗物

5000余件Mopancun City Ruins is located in Tumen city, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin province, covering a total area of 6,405 square meters. So far, archaeologists have cleaned up 3 city gates, one turret and 6 sections of city walls, and found nearly 80 architectural remains like construction base of large buildings, drainage ditches and pits, as well as more than 5,000 cultural relics.。

吉林图们磨盘村山城遗址出土东夏国时期遗物 Relics of the regional regime of Dongxia found in Mopancun City Ruins通过发掘，确认该城晚期为金元之际东北地方割据政权

东夏国南京城故址，早期或与大祚荣“遂率其众东保桂娄之故地，据东牟山，筑城以居之”的渤海立国之城有关The ruins up on the mountain were proven to be the capital city of the regional regime of Eastern Xia, which existed from the Jin (1115-1234) to Yuan (1271-1368) dynasties.。

Editor: YuanSource: 国家文物局、澎湃新闻、China Daily、CGTN

来源  ▏丝路云帆本微信公众号法律顾问：广东迅恒律师事务所 卢锐湘律师

▼更多精彩推荐，请关注我们▼

▼广东海丝馆 网上商场▼

免责声明：本站所有信息均搜集自互联网，并不代表本站观点，本站不对其真实合法性负责。如有信息侵犯了您的权益，请告知，本站将立刻处理。联系QQ：1640731186