《万物简史》一点不难，而且学到自然科学各科很多东西。作者写了很多科学牛人的故事，行文十分幽默形象，有时甚至是恶搞，但又比较严谨。

 

A short history of nearly everything（万物简史），作者Bill Bryson 。

总词数15001，首万词不重复词数2204，蓝思值1190L，属于生词和行文都比较难的原著伍教练读的第100本长篇英文原著，第10本在手机上阅读的电子英文原著透析十载，DI冲到100，有群友老问我有多少单词的阅读量，有没有一千万，我只好查查有记录的数据，发现53本数有记录的书已经达到848万总单词量，而余下47本则多为更厚的专业书，只会是更多的单词，再加上几乎天天在编译英文网页，总共读了两千万估计是有的。

《万物简史》按照每一屏幕查一个词，不连续两屏查词，第一屏不查词的手机透析规则（2018年注释：这是旧版透析规则），伍教练查了335个生词，查词率每万词查20个，高于纸张版的《苏菲的世界》8个、《基地》16个、电子版《幸福之路》10个。

abeyance, ad hoc, adduce, adenosine, aeronautical, afield, albedo, algae, ambergris, amphipod, angstrom, apatite, Appalachians, arcane, archaea, Archaean, archeopteryx, arthropod, assuredness, asthenospher, at all events, at length, at ones elbow, athletes foot, atoll, australopithecine, B.O., backwater, barnacle, basalt, bathysphere, baton, belated, belemnite, bend, bend double, Bern, Betelgeuse, bide ones time, biped, blackball, body plan, boggy, boom box, breccia, brick over, bryology, burp, burrow, by all accounts, cache, caisson, caldera, Cambrian, caper, casuarina, Cepheid variable, cerium, Chagas disease, chitin, chlorophyll, chondrite, chordate, cirrus, cladistics, class, clinopyroxene, clobber, Clostridium perfringens, coccolith, codon, come round, complement, conflagration, conga, contrail, contrarian, convection, convivial, coprolite, Coriolis effect, crake, Cretaceous, Cro-Magnon, crystallography, cumbrous, curate, Cyanobacteria, dapper, defile, Deimos, detritus, Devonian, diatom, dimetrodon, diorama, disgorge, disingenuous, divest, diving bell, dodo, dogfight, draper, dugong, echidna, Ediacaran fauna, émigré, endocast, entropy, ethyl, farm out, fathometer, faulty, femur, finicky, floe, fluke, fluky, flummox, foraminiferan, frostbite, Galapagos Islands, geyser, gibbon, glen, globule, Goldilocks, Gondwana, gooey, gossamer, guano, gullet, haddock, hadron, hadrosaur, hagfish, halibut, halophilic, hang glider, hanky-panky, hatter, Hilo, hirsute, hobnail, hominid, hydrothermal, iguanodon, inchoate, inebriation, interferometer, intoxicant, Inverness, isoquant, isostasy, isthmian, jimmy, Joule, jounce, jovian, judder, keel, kimberlite, koa, lamely, largish, Lassa, Laurasia, lepton, lint, lithe, liverwort, ludicrous, lug, lunette, magma, mamo, marsh gas, marsupial, mastodon, megalosaurus, meiotic, menagerie, meridional, meson, mesosphere, micron, mirabilis, molybdenum, Monera, monogram, monograph, moose, moraine, mote, mycologist, myxomycete, Neandertal, nematode, New England, newt, nimbus, ninny, nitroglycerin, not least, observe, on a par with, oomph, Ordovician, origami, ornithology, osseous, osteodystrophy, outback, outcrop, outgassing, paleontology, Paleozoic, panspermia, paracrine, parallax, passenger pigeon, patience, peptidoglycan, percolate, peridotite, Permian, petri dish, phlogiston, phylum, physique, pileus, pipe, pissabed, pitchblende, pitching, Pithecanthropus, platter, Pleistocene, pokey, pole vault, polonium, polyol, porpoise, Precambrian, preclude, presumptuous, principia, profligate, propitious, Proterozoic, Protista, Protozoa, provenance, prussic acid, psychedelia, pterodactyl, pudenda, puffball, pulpit, pyroclastic, quandary, Quito, recondite, ribosome, rime, rotifer, roughy, ruck, runty, sag, scalar, scantling, sea pen, selenide, shrew, Silurian, simian, siphon, slime mold, slosh, slouch, smithereens, soiree, spirit*（偷运）, spirochete, stand-in, stately, stoicheiometry, strep throat, stromatolite, strontium, takahe, taxon, tectonic, tepid, tertiary, testudinal, tetrapod, therapsid, thermoluminescence, Thiobacillus, thylacine, till, tome, tropopause, troposphere, trove, trundle, tundra, twaddle, tweezers, typeset, ubiquitin, unassuming, uncharacteristic, ungainly, unimposing, Van Allen belt, vanquish, velociraptor, venerable, vitiated air, vouch for, wee hours, well-to-do, whittle down, whopper, whorl, winch, wistaria, wren, wry, Yakima, zap, zeolite

查过两次才记住的生词：Cretaceous、Cro-Magnon查过两次都还没想起的生词：slosh、trundle自然科学的词汇量确实很大！之前探讨过英语总词汇量有多少，说根据牛津大词典可能60~100万，但读完《万物简史》之后完全颠覆，因为自然万物每个物种都一个名字，每个有机化合物也算一个词条，那么“词汇总量”会是天文数字，起码是多少个亿以上！例如科学家随便掘一把泥土就能找到3~4千种新的细菌，走几步换个地方再掘一把又能找到完全不同的3~4千种细菌，每种细菌起码有一个名字吧！由此看出，先背大量生词再读书是多么愚蠢的方法，只有透析法随时析出，以无限对付无限，才是正道。

析出模版句9个：At long last, his ideas began to find a real following.bearing in mind thatHe was right on all counts.

If it hadnt been for himIn the prime of his career.It was all brand new.make an analogy with a large clothing store

no intellectual slouch himselfOften he could work for no more than twenty minutes at a stretch.2010年开始读方舟子和新语丝，进入了科普的轨道，可以说让伍教练的世界观最终定型。

我一直是唯物、理性的人，从小拜神就不诚心那种人现在看到顶级科普著作，大呼过瘾，强烈推荐，尽管生词偏多了一些有的网站把《万物简史》与《水知道答案》并列为科普图书，这真是对《万物简史》的侮辱！日本骗子江本胜的垃圾根本就是伪科学，只有武大师之类的伪心理学家才会认为是“科普”。

我感觉《万物简史》一点不难，而且学到自然科学各科很多东西作者写了很多科学牛人的故事，行文十分幽默形象，有时甚至是恶搞，但又比较严谨，例如：You may not feel outstandingly robust, but if you are an average-sized adult you will contain within your modest frame no less than 7*10E18 joules of potential energy—enough to explode with the force of thirty very large hydrogen bombs, assuming you knew how to liberate it and really wished to make a point.我们身上的质量全部转化为能量，相当于30个巨型氢弹爆炸。

No geologist of any nationality whose work was taken seriously by other geologists advocated a timescale confined within the limits of a literalistic exegesis of Genesis.学习自然科学，来到地质学的时候，理性的人都不会相信上帝创造世界的鬼话了，因为根本不符合研究发现，但我两个被基督教洗脑的师妹硬是说科学与宗教不矛盾。

地质学就严重矛盾The “maidenhair” in maidenhair moss, for instance, does not refer to the hair on the maiden’s head. “性”情中人林内老兄给植物命名时喜欢带点色，令学界蔚然成风。

这种植物翻译成了“掌叶铁线蕨”，但原文指的是少女的毛，而作者点明这毛不是女生头上的毛……低级趣味最有趣！Fears have been raised that in their enthusiasm scientists might inadvertently create a black hole or even something called “strange quarks,” which could, theoretically, interact with other subatomic particles and propagate uncontrollably. If you are reading this, that hasn’t happened.《万物简史》有不少危言耸听，例如透析网友说读到黄石国家公园的超级大火山时不寒而栗，而我读到这段大型粒子对撞机产生的微型黑洞最心惊。

理论上有可能一瞬间全世界都没了，谁叫你我活在这个有粒子对撞实验的时代呢？幸好，你在读此书此博文，说明杯具还未发生，作者又恶搞了Normally, the type specimen of a species is the first set of bones found, but since no first set of Homo sapiens bones exists, there was a vacancy, which Cope desired to fill. It was an odd and vain wish, but no one could think of any grounds to oppose it. To that end, Cope willed his bones to the Wistar Institute, a learned society in Philadelphia endowed by the descendants of the seemingly inescapable Caspar Wistar. Unfortunately, after his bones were prepared and assembled, it was found that they showed signs of incipient syphilis, hardly a feature one would wish to preserve in the type specimen for one’s own race. So Cope’s petition and his bones were quietly shelved. There is still no type specimen for modern humans.这位大学者希望自己死后把骨头做成标本送给博物馆，以之代表人类，本来以权谋私可以永垂青史，没想到他的骨头被梅毒搞变形了，最后被扔一边去了。

《万物简史》还隆重介绍了科学大恶人Thomas Midgley，此君发现了tetraethyl lead四乙基铅可以做成内燃机防爆剂，结果让我们体内的铅含量在无铅汽油推广后的今天，仍比他发现前的时代高625倍——要知道，1923年前空气中几乎没有lead。

此君第二项发现也是杀手级的：chlorofluorocarbons（CFC），即臭名昭著的电冰箱制冷剂氟利昂，从此搞残了臭氧层伍教练理解，最初的科学发现的确是技术进步，例如氟利昂取代了过去有毒的制冷剂，救了很多人的生命，因此附带的后果算是人类进步的代价。

但Midgley老兄人品确实不怎么样，后来拼命否认铅是有毒的最后他也不得善终，死法比《死神来了》的设计还牛，果然配得上这个级别的科学家：His death was itself memorably unusual. After becoming crippled with polio, Midgley invented a contraption involving a series of motorized pulleys that automatically raised or turned him in bed. In 1944, he became entangled in the cords as the machine went into action and was strangled.。

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